吉林省黑豆种质资源调查报告

通过对吉林省60份黑豆品种的主要性状调查分析结果表明,平均为0.13g／粒(0.0031—0．1400g),均属小粒型。粒型以椭圆(31．67％)和肾形(30.00％)为主,其次是扁椭圆形(15.00％)。生育习性以直立型为主占55．00％,半直立和半蔓生型分别为23．30％和16．67％。无限结荚习性占主导地位为93.33％。植株平均高度为110．64cm,几乎全部为高杆类型。但品种间差异较大(100．61—141．11cm)。子叶全部为黄色,椭圆形叶占96．67％。棕色茸毛占76．67％,紫花占68．33％。并且发现紫花与棕色茸毛多一起出现。脐色中比例最大的是黑色占46.67％。平均生育日数为127d。各地区间基本没有差别。蛋白质平均含量为43．04％,脂肪平均含量为17。44％。通过对比筛选出了抗旱、高蛋白质的优质种源ZDD07581号。     

脂肪细胞定向和分化因子1(ADD1)基因的研究进展

脂肪细胞定向和分化因子1(ADD1)是重要的核转录因子。ADD1不但是脂肪分化过程中重要的转录因子,同时还可以调控与脂肪代谢相关酶基因的表达。在人类和老鼠的研究发现ADD1基因与肝脏、脾脏等非脂肪组织的脂肪沉积有明确的连锁关系。实验研究提示:ADD1基因可能是影响动物肉质性状和屠体性状的候选基因。     

低聚果糖对小鼠肠道菌群影响与机体免疫调节关系的研究

为了研究低聚果糖对小鼠肠道菌群影响与机体免疫调节的关系,分别选取18～22 g BALB/C健康清洁级雄性小鼠与清洁级昆明种雌性小鼠进行肠道菌群和免疫指标的检测.受试对象分别以0g/(kg·Bw)、0.69g/(kg·BW)、1.38g/(kg·BW)和4.15 g/k(kg·BW)灌胃低聚果糖,于给药后20 d测定粪便中双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌、产气英膜梭菌的菌数,33 d后测定细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能、NK细胞活性等指标.试验结果表明,1.38 g/(kg·BW)低聚果糖能够促进乳杆菌的增加并抑制肠杆菌的增幅,4.15 g/(kg·BW)的低聚果糖能够促进乳杆菌和双歧杆菌的增加并抑制肠杆菌和肠球菌的增幅;低聚果糖可以提高小鼠的免疫力,两者之间具有关联作用.     

瘤胃保护性氨基酸制备工艺及包被效果的研究

试验以棕榈油脂肪粉为包被壁材,研究了先制粒后底喷流化床包衣工艺制备瘤胃保护性赖氨酸及蛋氨酸的主要工艺参数,以人工唾液释放率为评价指标对适宜包被比例(芯材:壁材)进行了筛选。结果发现,在理想制粒及包衣工艺参数条件下,赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的适宜包被比例(芯材:壁材)分别以40:60和50:50为宜。     

基层动物防疫工作新模式的探究

南郑县在2008年的动物防疫工作中,积极总结经验,创新了动物防疫工作模式,通过与能繁母猪养殖户签订一个合同,建立三个台帐,实行三包三挂钩,极大的调动了能繁母猪养殖户动物防疫和申报检疫的积极性,减轻了春秋两季普防压力,解决了免疫补针实施难的问题,提高了动物防疫密度和质量。通过认真开展仔猪产地检疫工作为重大动物疫病防控奠定了扎实的基础。     

鸭粪提取物对水稻纹枯病菌的影响及其有效成分分析

为探明稻鸭共养模式抑制水稻纹枯病发生的原因,以稻鸭共养模式的鸭粪提取物为研究对象,对其抑菌活性及有效成分进行了测定和分析,以期为水稻纹枯病生物防治提供新的途径。结果表明:鸭粪乙醇提取物对水稻纹枯病菌有抑制作用,24h内最高菌丝生长抑制率和EC50分别为88.64%、26.11mg·mL-1;鸭粪乙醇提取物经萃取分离得到石油醚和乙酸乙酯两种组分,其中石油醚组分抑菌效果较弱,乙酸乙酯组分抑菌能力较强,其对水稻纹枯病菌抑制率为89.70%,EC50为15.52mg·mL-1;对乙酸乙酯组分进行硅胶柱层析分离得到5种流份,其中第2流份有显著抑菌活性,在24h和48h内对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率分别为89.58%和80.36%。GC-MS分析表明,鸭粪的抑菌物质主要为酚酸类和含硫醇有机物质,进一步纯化和鉴定有待研究。     

Cytotoxicity of cycloartane triterpenoids from aerial part of Cimicifuga foetida

Our previous study had demonstrated cytotoxicity of EtOAc fraction from aerial part of Cimicifuga foetida on various cancer cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of five cycloartane triterpenoids isolated from the EtOAc fraction. Compounds (1,2,3) showed moderate cytotoxic activity on R-HepG2 cells and drug resistant sub line R-HepG2 but exhibited less toxicity against primary cultured normal mouse hepatocytes. Compounds (4) and (5) were inactive on all tested cell lines.     

Catechin transformation as influenced by aluminum

Polyphenols (catechins) are vital biomolecules in tea plants (Camellia sinensis), which are well-known as typical Al accumulators. However, the interaction between Al and catechin remains obscured. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Al on the transformation of (+)-catechin. Solutions with OH/Al molar ratios of 2.5 (pH 5.5) and 3.0 (pH 7.0) prepared at Al/catechin molar ratios (R) of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 were aged for 7 and 30 days, respectively. The precipitates were collected and examined by wet chemistry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, electron spin resonance (ESR), cross-polarization magic angle (CPMAS) 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) analyses, and Fourier transformation infrared absorption spectrometry (FT-IR). The weight of the precipitates increased with increasing Al/catechin molar ratios and with prolonged aging. The molar ratios of Al/catechin in the precipitates increased with increasing initial Al/catechin molar ratios and were close to the initial solution Al/catechin molar ratios. The chemical analysis and spectroscopic studies indicated that Al was bonded with catechin, forming a 1:1 type complex. The reaction of crystalline catechin with Al resulted in the formation of X-ray noncrystalline precipitates. The solid-state CPMAS 13C NMR spectra of the precipitates show the change in chemical shifts of catechin as a result of catechin complexation with Al. The FT-IR spectra of the Al-catechin precipitates also show the loss of absorption bands of several functional groups compared with catechin. The FT-IR data substantiate this reasoning. The ESR spectra of the precipitates show a single symmetrical line devoid of any fine splitting, indicating the presence of free radicals of semiquinones, which are commonly present in humified materials.     

Influence of planting papaya ringspot virus resistant transgenic papaya on soil microbial biodiversity

To investigate the influence of papaya ringspot virus resistant transgenic papaya on soil microorganisms, upper (0-15 cm) and lower layers (15-30 cm) of soil samples were collected around transgenic papaya planting area and nontransgenic papaya planting area and from soils in which plants had not been grown. The moisture content, pH value, total organic carbon content, and total nitrogen content were not significantly different among groups. The populations of total count, fungi, and actinomycete were highest in upper layer soils around transgenic papaya planting area and lowest in lower layer soils in which plants had not been grown. The microbial populations were all higher in upper layer of soils. Amplified fragment length polymorphism, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses indicated that the similarity of soil microorganisms of upper layer soils around transgenic papaya planting area and around nontransgenic papaya planting area was >80%. A similar result was observed in lower layer soils. Thus, planting transgenic papayas does have a limited impact on soil microorganisms.     

烤烟喷施天然芸苔素试验

对天然芸苔素的试验结果表明:在烤烟不同生育期喷施天然芸苔素能有效地调节和促进烤烟的营养生长与生殖生长,提高产量,改善品质,提高烤烟的抗逆性。